In 2017 the production of municipal solid waste in Europe-28 reached 2500 Mt, destined to recycling (48%-wt), incineration and thermal valorization (28%-wt) and landfilling (24%-wt). About 19 Mt per year of residual material, defined bottom ash, were produced by thermo-valorization plants in Europe. Physicochemical features of bottom ashes make possible their treatment through full-scale technologies....